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Prosecutors Detail Bid to Sway South Korean Election
°ËÂû, ¼±°Å°³ÀÔ ½Ãµµ µÞ¹ÞħÇÏ´Â Ãß°¡Áõ°Å ´Ù¼ö ¹ßÇ¥
By CHOE SANG-HUN (ÃÖ»óÈÆ ±âÀÚ)
Published: November 21, 2013
SEOUL, South Korea — Agents from the National Intelligence Service of South Korea spread more than 1.2 million Twitter messages in a bid to sway public opinion in favor of President Park Geun-hye and her party ahead of the presidential and parliamentary elections last year, prosecutors said on Thursday.
Çѱ¹, ¼¿ï - Çѱ¹ ±¹Á¤¿ø ¿ä¿øµéÀÌ Áö³ÇØ ´ë¼±°ú ÃѼ±À» ¾ÕµÎ°í ¹Ú±ÙÇý ´ëÅë·É°ú ¿©´çÀ» ÁöÁöÇÏ´Â ¿©·ÐÀ» Á¶¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇØ 120¸¸°³°¡ ³Ñ´Â Æ®À ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ À¯Æ÷Çß´Ù°í ¸ñ¿äÀÏ °ËÂûÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù.
For months, South Korean politics has been rocked by the opposition’s accusations that officials at the country’s spy agency and military conducted an ambitious but clandestine online campaign to help Ms. Park, at the time the candidate of the governing party, win her Dec. 19 election.
Áö³ ¸î ´Þ µ¿¾È ±¹³»Á¤Ä¡´Â ±¹Á¤¿ø°ú ±º °ü°èÀÚµéÀÌ ´ç½Ã Áý±Ç´ç Èĺ¸¿´´ø ¹Ú´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ 12¿ù 19ÀÏ ´ë¼± ½Â¸®¿¡ À¯¸®Çϵµ·Ï ¾ÆÁÖ ÀÇ¿åÀûÀ¸·Î, ±×·¯³ª Àº¹ÐÇÏ°Ô ¿Â¶óÀÎ ¼±°Å¿îµ¿À» ¹ú¿©¿Ô´Ù´Â ¾ß´çÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¶°µé½âÇØ¿Ô´Ù.
Prosecutors have indicted several top intelligence officials, including Won Sei-hoon, former director of the spy agency, on charges of ordering an online smear campaign against opposition candidates in violation of election law. A team of agents posted online messages ahead of the parliamentary election in April last year and the subsequent presidential election that lauded government policies while ridiculing opposition rivals of Ms. Park as untrustworthy pro-North Korean sympathizers, they said.
°ËÂûÃøÀº ±×°£ Àü ¿øÀåÀÎ ¿ø¼¼ÈÆÀ» ºñ·ÔÇÑ ±¹Á¤¿ø °íÀ§°ü·áµé ¿©·¯ ¸íÀ» ¾ß´çÈĺ¸µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿Â¶óÀÎ ºñ¹æÀÛÀüÀ» Áö½ÃÇÑ »ç½Ç¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼±°Å¹ý À§¹ÝÇøÀÇ·Î ±â¼ÒÇß´Ù. ±¹Á¤¿ø ÇÑ ºÎ¼ ¿ä¿øµéÀÌ Áö³ »ç¿ù ÃѼ±°ú ±× ÀÌÈÄ ´ë¼±À» ¾ÕµÎ°í Á¤ºÎÀÇ Á¤Ã¥Àº Ī¼ÛÇÏ°í ¹Ú´ëÅë·É°ú °æÇÕÇß´ø ¾ß´çÈĺ¸µé¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â ½Å·ÚÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â Á¾ºÏÁÖÀÇÀÚµéÀ̶ó¸ç ºñ¾Æ³É°Å¸®´Â ³»¿ëÀÇ ±ÛÀ» ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ °ÔÀçÇß´Ù°í °ËÂûÀº ¹àÇû´Ù.
But the prosecutors could not clarify how the alleged online operation affected the result of the elections. Ms. Park, who won her election by one million votes, has said she neither ordered nor benefited from such a campaign. But the opposition party claimed that she and the conservative government of her predecessor, Lee Myung-bak, colluded to manipulate the election results.
ÇÏÁö¸¸ °ËÂûÀº ÀÌ ¿Â¶óÀÎ ÀÛÀüÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ¼±°Å °á°ú¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÃÆ´ÂÁö´Â ¹àÈú ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ¹é¸¸Ç¥ Â÷ÀÌ·Î ¼±°Å¿¡¼ ½Â¸®ÇÑ ¹Ú´ëÅë·É ÀÚ½ÅÀº ±×·± ºÒ¹ý¼±°Å¿îµ¿À» ¸íÇÑ Àûµµ ¾ø°í ±×·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾î¶² ÇýÅõµ ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù°í ¸»ÇØ¿Ô´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾ß´çÀº ¹Ú´ëÅë·É°ú ÀüÀÓÀÚÀÎ À̸í¹Ú º¸¼öÁ¤±ÇÀÌ ÇÔ²² °ø¸ðÇÏ¿© ¼±°Å°á°ú¸¦ Á¶ÀÛÇß´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù.
The new evidence, unveiled by prosecutors on Thursday, showed that the alleged online campaign was more expansive than previously known. The revelation came as political pressure has mounted on prosecutors. In the National Assembly, the opposition is pushing for the appointment of an independent investigator, saying that the investigation by prosecutors cannot be trusted.
¸ñ¿äÀÏ °ËÂû¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹àÇôÁø »õ·Î¿î Áõ°Å´Â Áö±Ý±îÁö ¾Ë·ÁÁø °Íº¸´Ù ¿Â¶óÀÎ ºÒ¹ý¼±°Å¿îµ¿ÀÇ ±Ô¸ð°¡ ÈξÀ ¹æ´ëÇßÀ½À» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ÀÌ Æø·Î´Â °ËÂûÃø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤Ä¡Àû ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â °¡¿îµ¥ ÅÍÁ®³ª¿Ô´Ù. ±¹È¸¿¡¼ ¾ß´çÀº °ËÂû ¼ö»ç¸¦ ½Å·ÚÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇϸç Ư°Ë ÀÓ¸íÀ¸·Î ¾Ð¹ÚÇØ¿Ô´Ù.
During a budget speech to the National Assembly on Monday, Ms. Park said she lamented the prolonged political strife that has grounded many economic and tax overhaul bills. She promised to block the intelligence agency from meddling in domestic politics but called for people to trust prosecutors and the court to investigate the election scandal.
Áö³ ¿ù¿äÀÏ ½ÃÁ¤¿¬¼³¿¡¼ ¹Ú´ëÅë·ÉÀº °æÁ¦¿Í Á¶¼¼°³Çõ¾È µîÀ» Áö¿¬½ÃÄÑ¿Â Á¤Ä¡Àû ½Î¿òÀÌ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ±æ¾îÁö°í ÀÖÀ½¿¡ ¿ì·Á¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³Â´Ù. ±×´Â ±¹Á¤¿øÀÌ ´õ ÀÌ»ó ±¹³»Á¤Ä¡¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¾à¼ÓÇÏ¸ç ¼±°Å ½ºÄµµéÀ» ¼ö»ç ÁßÀÎ °ËÂû°ú »ç¹ýºÎ¸¦ ¹Ï¾î´Þ¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
On Thursday, her deputy, Prime Minister Chung Hong-won, said that the prosecutors’ new findings were evidence that they were doing a fair job. The governing Saenuri Party also accused the opposition of initiating a political offensive to discredit Ms. Park’s legitimacy as president.
¸ñ¿äÀÏ Á¤È«¿ø ±¹¹«ÃѸ®´Â ¹Ú´ëÅë·ÉÀ» ´ëº¯ÇØ °ËÂûÀÌ »õ·Î¿î Áõ°Å¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÑ °ÍÀº À̵éÀÌ °øÁ¤ÇÑ ¼ö»ç¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â Áõ°Å¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù. Áý±Ç »õ´©¸®´ç ¶ÇÇÑ ¾ß´çÀÌ ¹Ú´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ´ëÅë·ÉÁ÷ÀÇ ÇÕ¹ý¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤Ä¡Àû °ø·«À» ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ºñ³Çß´Ù.
“We don’t think that the prosecutors’ fairness and neutrality were compromised,” Yoon Sang-hyun, a deputy floor leader, was quoted by his party as saying during its leadership meeting.
"¿ì¸®´Â °ËÂûÀÇ °øÁ¤ÇÔ°ú Á߸³¼ºÀÌ ÈѼյǾú´Ù°í »ý°¢Ä¡ ¾Ê´Â´Ù,"¶ó°í ¿ø³»¼ö¼®ºÎ´ëÇ¥ÀÎ À±»óÇöÀÌ ÃÖ°íÀ§¿øȸÀÇ¿¡¼ ¸»Çß´Ù°í »õ´©¸®´çÀº ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù.
But the main opposition Democratic Party called for the dismissal of Justice Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn, accusing him of soft-pedaling the prosecutors’ inquiry to prevent any finding that would hurt Ms. Park. Mr. Hwang, appointed by Ms. Park, oversees prosecutors. Opposition party leaders have also held a series of rallies in recent months demanding an apology from Ms. Park, whom they accuse of obstructing a fair investigation.
±×·¯³ª ÁÖ¿ä ¾ß´ç ¹ÎÁÖ´çÀº ¹ý¹«Àå°ü Ȳ±³¾ÈÀÌ ¹Ú´ëÅë·É¿¡°Ô Çظ¦ ÀÔÈú ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Áõ°Å°¡ ³ª¿ÀÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï °ËÂûÁ¶»ç¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÑ »ç½Ç¿¡ ´ëÇØ È²Àå°üÀÇ ÇØÀÓ¾ÈÀ» ¿ä±¸Çß´Ù. ¹Ú´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ Á÷Á¢ ÀÓ¸íÇÑ È²Àå°üÀº °ËÂûÀ» ÃÑ°üÇÒÇÑ´Ù. ¾ß´ç ÁöµµºÎ´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ÃÖ±Ù ¸î ´Þ µ¿¾È ¹Ú´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ °øÁ¤ÇÑ ¼ö»ç¸¦ ¹æÇØÇØ¿Ô´Ù¸ç ¹Ú´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ »ç°ú¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â ½ÃÀ§¸¦ ¿©·¯ Â÷·Ê ¹ú¿´´Ù.
“What’s clear so far is that the National Intelligence Service and other state agencies had engaged in a systematic and massive intervention in elections,” the top opposition party leader, Kim Han-gil, said on Thursday.
"Áö±Ý±îÁö È®½ÇÇÑ °ÍÀº ±¹Á¤¿ø°ú ±×¿Ü ´Ù¸¥ ±¹°¡±â°üµéÀÌ Á¶Á÷ÀûÀÌ°í °Å´ëÇÑ ±Ô¸ð·Î ¼±°Å¿¡ °³ÀÔÇß´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù," ¶ó°í Á¦ÀÏ ¾ß´ç ´ëÇ¥ ±èÇѱ澾°¡ ¸ñ¿äÀÏ ¸»Çß´Ù.
The intelligence service said its online messages were posted as part of normal psychological warfare operations against North Korea, which it said used the Internet to criticize South Korean government policies, forcing its agents to defend them online. In a statement on Thursday, it also accused prosecutors of citing online postings that had nothing to do with its agents as their court evidence.
±¹Á¤¿øÀº, ÀÎÅͳÝÀ¸·Î ³²ÇÑ Á¤ºÎÀÇ Á¤Ã¥À» ºñ¹æÇÏ´Â ºÏÇÑ¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇØ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ³²ÇÑÀÇ Á¤Ã¥À» ¹æ¾îÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ¾î¿ ¼ö ¾ø´Â Á¤»óÀûÀÎ ´ëºÏ ½É¸®ÀüÀÇ ÀÏȯÀ¸·Î½á ±¹Á¤¿ø ¿ä¿øµéÀÌ ¿Â¶óÀÎ ±ÛµéÀ» ¿Ã¸° °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÇظíÇß´Ù. ±¹Á¤¿øÀº ¸ñ¿äÀÏ ¼º¸í¼¿¡¼, ±¹Á¤¿ø ¿ä¿ø°ú´Â ¾Æ¹«·± °ü·ÃÀÌ ¾ø´Â ¿Â¶óÀÎ ±ÛµéÀ» ¹ý¿ø¿¡ Áõ°Å·Î Á¦½ÃÇß´Ù°í °ËÂûÀ» ºñ³Çß´Ù.
The allegation first surfaced during the election campaign last year, when opposition politicians and officials from the National Election Commission tried in vain to enter a Seoul office where a female intelligence agent had locked herself in, refusing to answer questions on whether she was part of an illegal online election effort.
ÀÌ ÇøÀÇ´Â À۳⠴뼱 ±â°£ Áß, ºÒ¹ý ¿Â¶óÀÎ ¼±°Å¿îµ¿À» Çß´ÂÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹®¿¡ ´äº¯À» °ÅºÎÇÏ¸é¼ ¾ÈÀ¸·Î ¹®À» °É¾î Àá±É´ø ¿©¼º ±¹Á¤¿ø ¿ä¿øÀÇ ¿ÀÇǽºÅÚ¿¡ ÁøÀÔÇÏ·Á´ø ¾ß´ç Á¤Ä¡Àΰú ¼±°üÀ§ Á÷¿øµéÀÇ ½Ãµµ°¡ ½ÇÆзΠ³¡³ª¸é¼ ÃÖÃÊ·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁö°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
Three days before the presidential election, the Seoul police announced that they had found no evidence to support the opposition accusations. During her last television debate, Ms. Park excoriated her main opposition rival, Moon Jae-in, over what she called the harassment of a female agent by his party.
´ë¼± »çÈê Àü ¼¿ï °æÂûÀº ¾ß´çÀÌ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â ÇøÀǸ¦ µÞ¹ÞħÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ ¾Æ¹«·± Áõ°Åµµ ¹ß°ßÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù°í ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸· ´ë¼± Åä·Ð¿¡¼ ¹Ú±ÙÇý ´ëÅë·ÉÀº ¹ÎÁÖ´çÀÌ ¿©Á÷¿øÀÇ ÀαÇÀ» ħÇØÇß´Ù¸ç ¶óÀ̹úÀ̾ú´ø ¾ß´ç ´ë¼± Èĺ¸ ¹®ÀçÀÎ ÀÇ¿øÀ» °ø°ÝÇß´Ù.
But the scandal did not die with her election.
±×·¯³ª ±× ½ºÄµµéÀº ¼±°Å°¡ ³¡³ªµµ »ç¶óÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
A senior police investigator told reporters after the election that her supervisor had intervened in the investigation, withholding evidence. The boss — Kim Yang-pan, the former chief of the Seoul Metropolitan Police — was indicted together with Mr. Won, the former intelligence chief. Both denied the charges against them.
¼±°Å ÈÄ °æÂû ¼ö»ç°úÀåÀº »ó°üÀÌ Áõ°Å¸¦ °¨Ãß¸ç ¼ö»ç¿¡ °³ÀÔÇß´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ±âÀڵ鿡°Ô Æø·ÎÇß´Ù. ±×ÀÇ »ó°üÀÎ Àü ¼¿ï °æÂûûÀå ±è¿ëÆǵµ Àü ±¹Á¤¿øÀå ¿ø¼¼ÈÆ°ú ÇÔ²² ±â¼ÒµÆ´Ù. µÎ »ç¶÷Àº Àڽŵ鿡 ´ëÇÑ ÇøÀǸ¦ ºÎÀÎÇß´Ù.
While indicting Mr. Won in June, prosecutors said they found thousands of online political postings uploaded by his agents. Then last month, they said they had found more than 55,000 Twitter messages spread by the agents. The former head of the prosecutors’ investigation also said his boss, the head of the Seoul District Prosecutor’s Office, tried to block him from submitting that additional evidence to court — a charge the boss denied.
Áö³ 6¿ù °ËÂûÀº ¿ø¼¼ÈÆÀ» ±â¼ÒÇÏ¸é¼ ±¹Á¤¿ø ¿ä¿øµéÀÌ ¿Â¶óÀο¡ °ÔÀçÇÑ ¼ö õ°³ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡Àû ±ÛµéÀ» ã¾Ò´Ù°í ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù. ÀÌÈÄ Áö³´Þ °ËÂûÀº ¿ä¿øµéÀÌ À¯Æ÷ÇÑ ¿À¸¸ ¿Àõ°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ Æ®À±ÛµéÀ» ´Ù½Ã ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù°í Çß´Ù. Àü °ËÂû¼ö»çÆÀÀå ¶ÇÇÑ ±×ÀÇ »ó°üÀÎ ¼¿ïÁö°ËÀåÀÌ ¹ý¿ø¿¡ ±× »ç½ÇÀ» Ãß°¡Áõ°Å·Î Á¦½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¹æÇØÇÏ·Á Çß´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù - ±× »ó°üÀº À̸¦ ºÎÀÎÇß´Ù.
Separately, military investigators were investigating South Korea’s Cyberwarfare Command, after it was revealed last month in Parliament that some of its officials had conducted a similar online campaign against opposition candidates. The Cyberwarfare Command was created in 2010 to guard South Korea against hacking threats from North Korea.
ÀÌ¿Í º°µµ·Î, Áö³ ´Þ ±¹È¸¿¡¼ ±º »çÀ̹ö»ç·ÉºÎÀÇ Á÷¿ø ¸î¸îÀÌ ¾ß´ç ´ë¼±È常¦ ºñ³Çß´ø ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¿Â¶óÀÎ ºñ¹æÀÛÀüÀ» ¹ú¿´´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀÌ ±¹È¸¿¡¼ ¹àÇôÁø ÈÄ, ±º ¼ö»ç°üµéÀº »çÀ̹ö»ç·ÉºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼ö»ç¿¡ µé¾î°¬´Ù. »çÀ̹ö»ç·ÉºÎ´Â ºÏÇÑÀÇ ÇØÅ·À§Çù¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇØ Çѱ¹À» ÁöÅ°·Á´Â ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î 2010³â¿¡ ¼³¸³µÆ´Ù.
On Thursday, prosecutors said that the 1.2 million Twitter messages they had discovered were mostly copies of the 26,500 original messages that the agents mass-distributed through a special computer program. But even if they were copies, they constituted an act of meddling in domestic politics and elections, Lee Jin-han, a senior prosecutor, told reporters.
¸ñ¿äÀÏ, °ËÂûÀº ¹ß°ßµÈ ¹é À̽ʸ¸ °³ÀÇ Æ®À ±ÛµéÀº ´ëºÎºÐ À̸¸ À°Ãµ ¿À¹é°³ÀÇ ¿ø±Ûµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¹»çº»À¸·Î½á Ưº°ÇÑ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÌ¿ëÇØ ¿ä¿øµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ´ë·®À¸·Î À¯Æ÷µÈ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍµéÀÌ º¹»çº»À̾ú´Ù°í Çصµ, ±¹Á¤¿øÀÌ ±¹³» Á¤Ä¡¿Í ¼±°Å¿¡ °³ÀÔÇÑ ÇàÀ§ÀÓÀÌ ºÐ¸íÇÏ´Ù°í ÀÌÁøÇÑ Â÷Àå°Ë»ç°¡ ±âÀڵ鿡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù.
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