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South Korea, Seeking to Curb Graft, Passes Law Restricting Gifts
Çѱ¹, ³ú¹°¼ö¼ö ¹æÁö À§ÇØ ¼±¹°Á¦Çѹý Åë°ú

By CHOE SANG-HUNMARCH 3, 2015

SEOUL, South Korea — The National Assembly of South Korea passed an anticorruption law on Tuesday that calls for up to three years in prison for journalists, teachers and public servants who accept single cash donations or gifts valued at more than a million won, or about $910.
Çѱ¹, ¼­¿ï — Çѱ¹ ±¹È¸´Â ¾ð·ÐÀÎ, ±³»ç ±×¸®°í °øÁ÷ÀÚ°¡ ¹é¸¸ ¿ø ȤÀº 910´Þ·¯ ÀÌ»óÀÇ Çö±Ý ȤÀº ÀÌ¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â ¼±¹°À» ¹ÞÀ» °æ¿ì ÃÖ°í 3³âÇüÀ» ¼±°í¹Þ°Ô ÇÏ´Â ¹ÝºÎÆйýÀ» Åë°ú½ÃÄ×´Ù.

Passage of the law signaled a milestone in the country, where bestowing and receiving envelopes of cash and other gifts have long been part of the culture — and a suspected channel of bribery.
ÀÌ ¹ýÀÇ Åë°ú´Â Çö±ÝºÀÅõ¿Í ±âŸ ¼±¹° µîÀ» ÁÖ°í¹Þ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿À·§µ¿¾È ¹®È­ÀÇ ÀϺΰ¡ µÇ¾î¿Ô°í ³ú¹°ÀÇ Åë·Î·Î Àǽɹ޾ƿ Çѱ¹¿¡¼­ ȹ±âÀûÀÎ »ç°ÇÀ̾ú´Ù.

In South Korea, businesspeople, politicians and senior government officials often host expensive dinners, send gift sets during holidays and make cash donations at weddings and funerals, making it difficult to determine what amounts to corruption and what should be accepted as part of social etiquette.
Çѱ¹¿¡¼­ »ç¾÷°¡, Á¤Ä¡ÀÎ ±×¸®°í °íÀ§°øÁ÷ÀÚµéÀº Á¾Á¾ °ªºñ½Ñ Àú³á ½Ä»ç¸¦ Á¢´ëÇÏ°í ¸íÀý¿¡ ¼±¹°¼¼Æ®¸¦ º¸³»¸ç °áÈ¥½Ä°ú Àå·Ê½Ä¿¡ Çö±ÝÀ» ºÎÁ¶Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¹«¾ùÀ» ºÎÆзΠº¸°í ¹«¾ùÀ» »çȸÀû ¿¹ÀǹüÀý·Î ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÏÁö ±¸ºÐÇϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù.

Until now, people have been punished for graft only when it was established in court that they had accepted a gift in return for doing a specific favor, like helping the gift-giver obtain a government license or school admission.
Áö±Ý±îÁö´Â ¼±¹° Á¦°øÀÚ°¡ Á¤ºÎ Çã°¡¸¦ µû³»°Å³ª Çб³ ÀÔÇÐÀ» Çã¿ë¹Þµµ·Ï µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ´Â ½ÄÀÇ Æ¯Á¤ ûŹÀ» µé¾îÁÖ´Â ´ë°¡·Î ´©±º°¡ ¼±¹°À» ¹ÞÀº °ÍÀÌ ¹ýÁ¤¿¡¼­ ÀÔÁõµÉ °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ ³ú¹° ¼ö¼ö·Î ó¹úÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.

Such a stringent legal requirement has raised concerns that much of the corruption in the country has gone unpunished, especially the so-called sponsorship relationships that some businesspeople and politicians were said to maintain with prosecutors, government officials and journalists. Under that arrangement, the “sponsors” would wine and dine the recipients, as well as provide them with financial support, not necessarily for any immediate favor but for long-term collusive ties.
±×·¯ÇÑ ¾öÁßÇÑ ¹ýÀû ¿ä±¸Á¶°Ç ¶§¹®¿¡ Çѱ¹¿¡¼­ »ó´ç¼öÀÇ ºÎÆÐ, ƯÈ÷ ±â¾÷°¡µé°ú Á¤Ä¡ÀεéÀÌ °Ë»ç, Á¤ºÎ °ü·á ¹× ¾ð·ÐÀεé°ú ¸Î°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¼ÒÀ§ ÈÄ¿ø°ü°è°¡ ó¹úÀ» ¸éÇØ¿Ô´Ù´Â ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ °ü°è ¾È¿¡¼­ “ÈÄ¿øÀÚµé”Àº Áï°¢ÀûÀΠûŹÀº ¾Æ´ÒÁö¶óµµ Àå±â°£¿¡ °ÉÄ£ °áŹ °ü°è¸¦ À§ÇØ ¼öÇýÀÚµé°ú ¼ú°ú ½Ä»ç¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÀçÁ¤Àû Áö¿øÀ» Á¦°øÇϱ⵵ Çß´Ù.

Under the new law, which is to take effect in October 2016, public servants, teachers and journalists will face fines or prison terms of up to three years for taking such gifts exceeding about $910, regardless of whether there is evidence of bribery or influence-peddling.
2016³â 10¿ù¿¡ È¿·ÂÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ¹ý¾È¿¡ µû¸£¸é °øÁ÷ÀÚ, ±³»ç, ±×¸®°í ¾ð·ÐÀÎÀÌ ´ë·« 910´Þ·¯(ÇÑÈ­ 100¸¸ ¿ø)¸¦ ÃÊ°úÇÏ´Â ¼±¹°À» ¹ÞÀ¸¸é ³ú¹° ȤÀº ±Ç·Â³²¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áõ°ÅÀÇ ¿©ºÎ¿Í °ü°è¾øÀÌ ¹ú±ÝÇü ȤÀº ÃÖ°í 3³âÀÇ Â¡¿ªÇü¿¡ óÇØÁø´Ù.

They will face similar punishment if their spouses receive such gifts from people that involve conflicts of interest. (Those who report their spouse’s gifts to the authorities will be exempt.) Those who receive gifts valued at less than the designated amount may be fined if those gifts involve a conflict of interest.
¹è¿ìÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÌÇØ°¡ »óÃæµÇ´Â »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ±×¿Í °°Àº ¼±¹°À» ¹Þ¾Æµµ À̵éÀº ÀÌ¿¡ À¯»çÇÑ Ã³¹úÀ» ¹ÞÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. (¹è¿ìÀÚµéÀÇ ¼±¹°À» ´ç±¹¿¡ ½Å°íÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº Á¦¿ÜµÈ´Ù.) Á¤ÇØÁø ¾×¼öº¸´Ù ÀûÀº ¼±¹°À» ¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷µéÀº ¸¸ÀÏ ±× ¼±¹°µéÀÌ ÀÌÇØ°¡ »óÃæµÇ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ¸é ¹ú±ÝÇü¿¡ óÇØ Áú ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.

The government said it was working to assemble a list of gifts that would be exempt from the new law, such as small cash donations at the weddings and funerals of friends and relatives.
Á¤ºÎ´Â, Ä£±¸³ª ģôÀÇ °áÈ¥½ÄÀ̳ª Àå·Ê½Ä¿¡ ³»´Â ¼Ò¾×ÀÇ Çö±Ý ºÎÁ¶¿Í °°Àº ¼±¹°Àº »õ·Î¿î ¹ý Àû¿ë¿¡¼­ ¸éÁ¦µÇµµ·Ï ±× ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ¸¸µé°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù.

Demands for a tougher anticorruption law have gained support in South Korea in recent years after prosecutors who received a Mercedes-Benz or other gifts from their sponsors went unpunished because there was no proof of bribery.
ÈÄ¿øÀÚµé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸Þ¸£¼¼µ¥½º º¥Ã÷ ȤÀº ´Ù¸¥ ¼±¹°µéÀ» ¹ÞÀº °Ë»çµéÀÌ ³ú¹°ÀÇ Áõ°Å°¡ ¾ø´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î ó¹ú¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÏÀÌ ÀÖÀº ÈÄ ÃÖ±Ù ¸î ³â µ¿¾È ´õ °­·ÂÇÑ ¹ÝºÎÆйý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ä±¸°¡ Çѱ¹¿¡¼­ ÁöÁö¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ¿Ô´Ù.

Pressure on political parties to come up with the law mounted after it was revealed that corruption among government regulators played a central role in failing to prevent the sinking of a ferry that killed more than 300 people, mostly teenage students, in April. Lawmakers subsequently decided that journalists and schoolteachers should be subject to the same anticorruption rules as public servants.
ÀÛ³â 4¿ù, ´ëºÎºÐ 10´ë Çлýµé·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ 300¸í ÀÌ»óÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀ» »ç¸ÁÄÉÇÑ ¼±¹Úħ¸ôÀ» ¸·Áö ¸øÇϴµ¥ Á¤ºÎ ±ÔÁ¦°üµéÀÇ ºÎÆа¡ ÁÖ¿ä ¿øÀÎÀ¸·Î µå·¯³­ ÀÌÈÄ, ¹ÝºÎÆйýÀ» ¸¶·ÃÇϵµ·Ï Á¤Ä¡±Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ °Å¼¼Á³´Ù. À̾, ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øµéÀº ¾ð·ÐÀΰú ±³»çµé¿¡°Ôµµ °ø¹«¿ø°ú ¶È°°ÀÌ ºÎÆйýÀÌ Àû¿ëµÇµµ·Ï °áÁ¤Çß´Ù.

In the 2014 Corruption Perception Index compiled by Transparency International, South Korea ranked 43rd among the 175 countries surveyed.
±¹Á¦ Åõ¸í¼º ±â±¸°¡ ÀÛ¼ºÇÑ 2014³â ºÎÆÐ ÀÎ½Ä Áö¼ö¿¡¼­, Çѱ¹Àº 175°³ÀÇ Á¶»ç ´ë»ó±¹ Áß 43À§¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇß´Ù.

 

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