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The Deterioration Of Democracy In East Asia Threatens Human Rights
µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾Æ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ Åðº¸, À뱂 À§Çù
Posted: 10/06/2016 1:28 pm EDT Updated: 10/06/2016 1:28 pm EDT
When the Chinese Prime Minister Li Keqiang was visiting Ottawa, a large privacy wall was erected in front of The Westin Ottawa hotel. It was later revealed that the Chinese delegation had requested the hotel to erect the wall so that Mr. Li would not suffer the displeasure of seeing the protesters outside the hotel.
¸®Ä¿Ã¢ Áß±¹ÃѸ®°¡ ¿ÀŸ¿Í¸¦ ¹æ¹®ÇßÀ» ¶§ ¿þ½ºÆ¾ ¿ÀŸ¿Í È£ÅÚ ¾Õ¿¡ ´ëÇü °¡¸²¸·ÀÌ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾ú´Ù. ³ªÁß¿¡ ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¸® ÃѸ®°¡ È£ÅÚ ¹Û¿¡¼ ¹ú¾îÁö´Â ½ÃÀ§´ë¸¦ º¸°í ºÒÄèÇÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï Çϱâ À§ÇØ °¡¸²¸·À» ¼³Ä¡ÇØ ÁÙ °ÍÀ» Áß±¹ ÆÄ°ß´ÜÀÌ È£ÅÚÃø¿¡ ¿äûÇß´ø °ÍÀ¸·Î µå·¯³µ´Ù.
What is now dubbed as “The Great Wall of Westin” is a shame to us all because it has revealed Canada’s lack of awareness on the sufferings of people under undemocratic regimes in East Asia. People in China and even “democratic” countries like South Korea continue to suffer from deteriorating human rights conditions and undemocratic practices.
“¿þ½ºÆ¾ È£ÅÚ ¸¸¸®À强”À¸·Î ºÒ¸®´Â ÀÌ »ç°ÇÀº µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ºñ¹ÎÁÖÀû Á¤±ÇÇÏ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÇ °íÅë¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä³³ª´ÙÀÇ ¹«Áö¸¦ µå·¯³Â´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼ ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô ºÎ²ô·¯¿î ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. Áß±¹ ±¹¹Îµé, ½ÉÁö¾î Çѱ¹°ú °°ÀÌ “¹ÎÁÖÀûÀΔ ±¹°¡ ±¹¹Îµéµµ °è¼ÓÇؼ ÀαǻóȲ Åðº¸¿Í ºñ¹ÎÁÖÀûÀÎ °üÇàÀ¸·Î °íÅë¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Although China under Deng Xiaoping had opened its doors to the global market, the Chinese people were not allowed to have the freedom that we take for granted. The infamous Tiananmen incident occurred because Deng ordered the military to end the protest by any means necessary. The Chinese authority’s inhumane treatment towards Falun Gong and the dissidents are well-known throughout the world.
µ¢»þ¿ÀÇÎ Áý±ÇÇÏÀÇ Áß±¹ÀÌ ¼¼°è ½ÃÀå¿¡ ¹®È£¸¦ °³¹æÇßÁö¸¸ Áß±¹Àε鿡°Ô´Â ¿ì¸®°¡ ´ç¿¬½Ã ¿©±â´Â ÀÚÀ¯°¡ Çã¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº õ¾È¹® »ç°ÇÀº µ¢»þ¿ÀÇÎ ÁÖ¼®ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¸ðµç ¼ö´ÜÀ» µ¿¿øÇØ ½ÃÀ§¸¦ Á¾½Ä½ÃÅ°¶ó°í ±ººÎ¿¡ ¸í·ÉÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡ ¹ß»ýÇß´Ù. ÆÄ·é±Ã°ú ¹ÝüÁ¦ Àλçµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áß±¹ ´ç±¹ÀÇ ºñÀεµÀûÀÎ ´ë¿ì´Â Àü¼¼°è¿¡ Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.
But of all the East Asian countries, South Korea has suffered one of the worst deterioration in human rights and democracy in recent years. Once a bastion of democracy in East Asia, which was successfully restored after almost 40 years of authoritarian rule, it has now become the deathbed for democracy.
±×·¯³ª Çѱ¹Àº µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ¸ðµç ±¹°¡µé Áß ÃÖ±Ù µé¾î Àαǰú ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ°¡ °¡Àå Åðº¸ÇÑ °÷ Áß Çϳª´Ù. °ÅÀÇ 40³â °£ÀÇ ±ÇÀ§ÁÖÀÇÀû ÅëÄ¡¸¦ Á¾½ÄÇÏ°í ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ È¸º¹ÇÑ Çѱ¹Àº ÇÑ ¶§ µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾Æ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇÀÇ º¸·ç¿´Áö¸¸ Áö±Ý Çѱ¹Àº ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ »ç¸Á »óÅ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
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¡ã Seoul, the capital of South Korea. Image from Pixabay.com
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Although it is not widely known in the West, the fall of South Korean democracy is old news. Since 2011, Freedom House has rated the freedom of the press in South Korea as only being “partly free.” Government critics and social activists are often harassed by ultraconservative activists and “Internet trolls.”
¼±¸¿¡ ³Î¸® ¾Ë·ÁÁöÁö´Â ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ Å𺸴 »õ»ï½º·¯¿î ´º½º°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. 2011³â ÀÌÈÄ, ÇÁ¸®´ý ÇϿ콺´Â Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¾ð·ÐÀÚÀ¯¸¦ “ºÎºÐÀû ÀÚÀ¯”·Î Æò°¡Çß´Ù. Á¤ºÎ ºñÆò°¡³ª »çȸȰµ¿°¡µéÀº Á¾Á¾ ±Ø¿ìÈ°µ¿°¡µéÀ̳ª ¾ÇÀÇÀûÀÎ ³×ƼÁðµé·ÎºÎÅÍ ±«·ÓÈûÀ» ´çÇÏ°ï ÇÑ´Ù.
The incumbent South Korean President Park Geun-hye, is the daughter of South Korean strongman dictator Park Jung-hee, who ruled South Korea between 1963 and 1979. Her presidency was nothing close to being democratic from the beginning. Numbers of sources had suggested that the South Korean military and the National Intelligence Service (NIS) manipulated public opinion on web and the number of votes for Park during the presidential election in 2012.
ÀçÀÓÁßÀÎ ¹Ú±ÙÇý ´ëÅë·ÉÀº 1963³â¿¡¼ 1979³â±îÁö ÇÑ‚æÀ» ÅëÄ¡ÇÑ µ¶ÀçÀÚ ¹ÚÁ¤ÈñÀÇ µþÀÌ´Ù. ±×³àÀÇ ´ëÅë·ÉÁ÷Àº óÀ½ºÎÅÍ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ¿Í´Â °Å¸®°¡ ¸Ö¾ú´Ù. ´Ù¼öÀÇ ¼Ò½ÄÅëµéÀÌ Çѱ¹ ±ººÎ¿Í ±¹Á¤¿øÀÌ 2012³â ´ë¼± ±â°£ µ¿¾È ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ¿©·Ð°ú ¹Ú Èĺ¸ÀÇ µæÇ¥¼ö¸¦ Á¶ÀÛÇß´Ù´Â ÀÇȤÀ» Á¦±âÇß´Ù.
In 2012, South Korean democracy was taken off its life support. The South Korean Constitutional Court disbanded a pro-labor opposition party by ruling its existence as “unconditional” and for being “pro- North.” It was an incident that sent a shock throughout the nation. A political party with elected members in the National Assembly was dissolved in broad daylight by the judges loyal to Park.
2012³â¿¡ Çѱ¹ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇÀÇ »ý¸íÀ¯Áö ÀåÄ¡°¡ ¶¼¾îÁ³´Ù. Çѱ¹ Çå¹ýÀçÆǼҴ “¸Í¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ºÏÇÑÀ» ÁöÁöÇÏ´Â Á¸À甶ó´Â ÆÇ°á·Î Ä£³ëµ¿ÀÚ ¼ºÇâÀÇ ¾ß´çÀ» ÇØ»ê½ÃÄ×´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº Àü±¹ÀûÀ¸·Î Ãæ°ÝÀ» ºÒ·¯ÀÏÀ¸Å² ÀÏ´ë »ç°ÇÀ̾ú´Ù. ±¹¹ÎÀÌ »ÌÀº ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øµé·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ Á¤´çÀÌ ¹Ú±ÙÇý¿¡°Ô Ã漺ÇÏ´Â ÆÇ»çµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹éÁÖ´ë³·¿¡ ÇØ»êµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
“We have to pay close attention to the deteriorating human rights condition in East Asia.
µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ À뱂 »óȲÀÌ ¾Çȵǰí ÀÖ´Â °Í¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.”
Many South Koreans still care for democracy. But they face insurmountable challenges in countering the conglomerate of the government, the ultraconservative media, and Park’s loyal supporters.
¸¹Àº Çѱ¹ÀεéÀÌ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀǸ¦ ÁöÅ°°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Á¤ºÎ, ±Øµµ·Î º¸¼öÀûÀÎ ¾ð·Ð ¹× ¹Ú±ÙÇýÀÇ Ã漺ÁöÁöÃþÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ïÁø °Å´ë ¼¼·Â¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇÏ¸é ´ëóÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» Á¤µµÀÇ ¾î·Á¿ò¿¡ Á÷¸éÇÑ´Ù.
Mr. Baek Nam-gi is the most recent victim of the Park administration. A lifelong democracy activist and the advocate of farmers’ rights in South Korea passed away on September 25th. In November 2015, he suffered a serious cerebral hemorrhage after the police water cannon blasted him to the ground. At the time he was participating in a major pro-democracy demonstration in Seoul.
¹é³²±â¾¾´Â ¹Ú Á¤ºÎÀÇ °¡Àå ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ Èñ»ýÀÚÀÌ´Ù. Çѱ¹¿¡¼ Æò»ýÀ» ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀǸ¦ À§ÇØ È°µ¿ÇÑ È°µ¿°¡ÀÌÀÚ ³ó¹Î¿îµ¿ ¿ËÈ£ÀÚÀÎ ±×°¡ 9¿ù 25ÀÏ »ç¸ÁÇß´Ù. 2015³â 11¿ù ±×´Â °æÂûÀÇ ¹°´ëÆ÷ Á÷»ç·Î ¶¥¹Ù´Ú¿¡ ¾²·¯Áø ÈÄ ½É°¢ÇÑ ³úÃâÇ÷·Î °íÅë¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ´ç½Ã ¹é ¾¾´Â ¼¿ï¿¡¼ ¹ÎÁÖÈ ½ÃÀ§¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
The New York Times have confirmed that whoever was operating the water cannon had deliberately targeted Mr. Baek’s head and blasted him with the cannon, operating at maximum output. Neither the South Korean government nor the police have taken responsibility for Mr. Baek’s death.
´º¿åŸÀÓ½º´Â ¹°´ëÆ÷¸¦ ÀÛµ¿ ÁßÀÌ´ø ´©±º°¡°¡ °íÀÇÀûÀ¸·Î ¹é³²±â ¾¾ÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¸¦ °Ü³ÉÇßÀ¸¸ç ÃÖ´ë Ãâ·ÂÀ¸·Î ÀÛµ¿½ÃÄÑ ¹°´ëÆ÷·Î ±×¸¦ Ÿ°ÝÇßÀ½À» È®ÀÎÇß´Ù. Çѱ¹ Á¤ºÎ¿Í °æÂûÀº ¹é³²±â ¾¾ÀÇ Á×À½¿¡ ±× ¾î¶°ÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓµµ ÁöÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ´Ù.
In addition to “The Great Wall of Westin,” the tragedy of Mr. Baek should be taken as a warning that the deterioration of democracy and human rights in East Asia may reach the breaking point in near future. We have to pay close attention to the deteriorating human rights condition in East Asia.
“¿þ½ºÆ¾ ¸¸¸®À强”¿¡ ´õÇØ, ¹é³²±â ¾¾ÀÇ ºñ±ØÀº µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾Æ Àαǰú ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ Å𺸰¡ °¡±î¿î ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ÇÑ°èÁ¡¿¡ ´Ù´Ù¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °æ°í·Î °£ÁÖµÅ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ÀαǻóȲ ¾ÇÈ¿¡ ´õ ±ä¹ÐÇÑ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ï¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
In recent years, we have seen crisis erupting in many places around the world that have suffered under the undemocratic regime. And nothing says East Asia is an exception to the trend.
ÃÖ±Ù ¸î ³â°£ ¿ì¸®´Â ºñ¹ÎÁÖÀû Á¤±ÇÇÏ¿¡¼ °íÅë ¹Þ´Â Àü¼¼°è ¿©·¯ Áö¿ª¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â À§±â¸¦ ÁöÄѺ¸¾Ò´Ù. µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ »óȲµµ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ È帧¿¡¼ ¿¹¿Ü¶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù.
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